Autism: The autistic child
According to the DSM-IV and ICD 10 (international classification), the basic features for the diagnosis of autism are the presence of an abnormal or deficient development of social interaction, communication and a lack of significant ; repertoire of activities and interests.
More precisely:
1. Delay or abnormal functioning of the three specific areas (social interaction, language and behavior), have an onset within three years of age.
2. Qualitative impairment in social interaction, occurs when compromises are many nonverbal behaviors (eg, avoidance, denial of eye contact, stiff facial expression, inability to adapt the behavior to social context). When there is absence of imitative play and fiction, lack of interest in sharing the game. If the language is made to use at present is stereotyped, with inability to initiate or sustain a conversation with others.
3. Restriction in the repertoire of activities and interests. It shows a total dedication to one or more limited activity. Obsessive repetition of specific rituals or unnecessary habits. There is a rigid object manipulation that looks more to their particular characteristics rather than to use them.
Normally there are times when the development was normal, though sometimes parents report normal development during the first two years of life. Being able to make an early diagnosis is very important because the isolation is greater will be the worst prognosis. The problem is that very often parents fail to recognize the warning signs of the disease may already present from the beginning. In the first six months of a child's life can be found early alterations of the interaction, the child appears quiet, never cries, does not draw attention, there is no engagement of the gaze, is unable to relax into the arms of his mother, lacking the social smile (the first arranger), the suckling and sleep, with a kind of quiet sleep (when the child stays in bed in a wait motionless with eyes wide open)
In the second half of the first year they stabilize the characteristics listed above, thus affecting the relationship between mother - child (missing tonic dialogue, the vocals, the stuttering, facial expression expressive when they wake up, stretch out our arms is missing when it is lifted).
Within 30 months it becomes apparent lack of precursors of language, functional disorders persist and become more accentuated stereotyped mannerisms and gestures, which is usually at this point that the child is reported, that is when the trouble is clear and relatively stable .
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